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Leiters Patent No. 800,105, dated July 21, 1868.

MFROVBMENT IN THE MANUFAG'IURE Ol? PAPER FOR COLLARS.

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Bc it known that JAMES M. WLLLCQX, of Glen Mills, in the county of Delaware, and State of Pennsyl- Vania, have invented a new and useful improvement in the Manufacture of .Paper tor Paper Collars, Cuffs, Tags', er other articles; Iand I do hereby declare the following` te be a full, clear, :rnd exact description of the same, reference being hurl to the accompanying drawings, which cre mode port of this specilication.

llhe object of my invention is1 to produce a mntcral-`po3scssing the advantages hereinafter named for the manufacture of paper collars, cuis, tags, or other articles which require local strengthening.

The advantageous quelities com'hined in my material for collars, 2te., may be enumerated as follows:

First. Complete collars or other articles may ne cut from rolls of indefinite length by machinery in the most rapid manner. i

Second. |The button-holes or other parts where great strength is required. will he supported or reinforced by strong fabric or {ibi-e applied to the paper in the process of manufacturing, in such e. manner as to be absolutely secure against removal, avoid any unsightly projection from the surface o' the peper, and permit the .application of an even cont of enamel, which may impart a perfect-ly uniform appearance to the whole surface.

These objects accomplish by applying to the pulpy sheet, when couched or partially' solidieih continuous strips of woven fabric or strong bre, at distances apart corresponding 'with the distances in the finished article et' the parts where increased strength is required. Thus, in melting paper for sixteen-inch collars, I ley lthe strips sixteen inches apart from centre to centre, and ot'l sullicicnt width to cover the button-holes in the adjacent ends of two collars und the ends of the folds.

The strengthening-material is applied either between two pulpy sheets or to .the outside et one sheet. .in either cese, a suitable cement is employed to effect an inseparable connection, and thcwholc is thc-n formed into a solid sheet, by heavy pressure, and. driefl and calendcred in the machine. I

My inventienfurther consists in so applying a strengthening-material to paper forcollars that will i protect the fold where collcrsare especially linhlc to breek and teer', und, it' desired, the strengthening-bend may hemadc of sufficient width to support the corners also, and thus prevent their curling up.

Figure 1 may represent c portion of e, sheet of my improved paper, and

Figure 2 n. collar, cut, punched, and folded` ready for sale and useP B B are the strips of strengtheniiig-materiali. i

The red outlines indicate the collar-hlanks, which may he eut from thc rolls by machinery such as is conirnonly used for cutting collera out of common paper.

By 'reference to lig. 2, it will be seen that the reinforce or strengthening-material B, as applied. by me,

' affords protection cndlsupport, not only to the button-holes, hut to the corners C oi' the collar, where paper collars, as hitherto mede, are very liable to' break and teer.' This constitutes a; greet feature of superiority of 'my invention, as compared with the plan of applying :t patch 4to each place where abutton-holc is tohe punched.-

Another great advantage in my invention is, that the application of the strengthening-material and the subsequent cutting and punching of the collars, may eli be performed by machinery, so that no more manipuvlation is necessary than in making paper collars of ordinary construction.

. A third advantage ot' my invention is, that l. avoid any consideri-hie waste of materiel, and spare the cost of extra'strengthening wherej't is not required. My plan is, in this respect, fausuperior to any in which a woven fabric is applied over the whole surface of the paper. Much less caro and skill crc'necessary in cpplyh ing narrow strips than in stretching` wide cloth, by reason' ofthe liability of the letter to wrinkle freni unequal r stretching.

A. fourth advantage is, thtlbyernploying cement in connection with the seini-solidiied sheet ofpulp, render the subsequent accidental separation of the strengtheningmeterial absolutely impossible.

A fifth advantage of'inyinvention is, that by applying the fabric or strengtheningtibre te the sheet while i sono; 2

in a partia'lly-pulpy state, and subsequently subjecting it to'heavy pressure, I eifectlally embed the fabric into the paper, so as to conceal the former, and produce a solid sheet, of uniform thickness and appearance, and without any prominent or projectingr surfaces.

A sixth advantage is, that my improved paper will take a coat oi' enamel all over it, and, when so coated,

will presentprecisely the same appearance as an enamelled sheet to which no local strengthening has been applied. f

A sev'enth4 advantage is,'that one drying dries both paper and cloth'. One pressing, one reeling, one general process only, is required to produce the finished article of locally-strengthened paper. v

Y In ne, myinvention is believed to combine in a higher degreethan any plan hitherto proposed the advantages of economy, regularity, thorough union, (in eontradistinctio'n to mere superficial-comentatiomlsightliness, a level surface that can be enamelled over, local strength, and economical manufacture of collars by the most approvedmachinery, which cuts from the rolland not from the sheet. Y

It is impractieable to press paper-pulp in its softest condition, for the reason that, under the heavy pressure A required, there is danger of it crushing down and losing'its consistency-and continuity; and furthermore, if the cloth be applied to the paper before the latter is stretched, as has been'heretofore attempted, the' subsequent stretching of the paper and theI rmness of the cloth, which will nctstretch, inevitably cause wrinkling and failure. For these reasons, I find it necessary to have the sheetstretched and partially solidified or couched,

before applying the woven fabric orfother strengthening-material.

I propose toemploy in my inventi'oman'y strengthening-material which may be found suitable. For instance,l

strips of loose'iibre, or of bank-note or other strong papel', may be used, or strong fibre locally interwoven.

I am aware that paper collars have before been strengthened by applying patches to the parts where buttonholes are to be out or punched. This, therefore, I do not claim. A great advantage of my invention consists in strengthening the ends of the fold where collars, as new commonly made, break and'tear long before tho c ollnr is completely soiled or worn. l

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as newV therein, and'dcsire to secure by Letters Patent:

' In the manufacture of paper for collars', cuffs, tags, and other articles requiring especial strength in certain places, I claim the employment of strips, B, of stronger material, applied to the paper after it is eouehed, and while it is soft, and embedded therein by subsequent pressure, at proper distancesasimder, to impart greater strength to the required parts of. the articles to be eut from the sheets or rolls. I

I further claim locally strengthening paper for collars, by applying, either in the sheet or roll, strips of strong material, in such positions as to protect the ends 'of the fold. l V JAMESM. WILLCOX.

-Witncsses THOMAS MQFADIEN, ELIZABETH McFADInN. 

